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black coal equivalent
Black coal equivalent (BCE) is an export coal product derived from the Coldry Process, a patented coal upgrading technology operated by Environmental Clean Technologies Limited, in Victoria, Australia. The Coldry Process is applied to Victorian brown coal (lignite) with a typical moisture content of 60 per cent by weight and transforms the coal into a new densified coal product of equal or better calorific value (5,800 kcal/kg) to typical export quality Australian black coal, with less ash and sulfur content. Black coal equivalent derived from Victorian brown coal is ostensibly a 'cleaner' burning coal fuel than most black coals.
== Overview ==
Densified coal as an ostensibly ‘new’ ''black coal equivalent'' product derived from Victorian brown coal was first discovered by Dr R.B. Johns and colleagues at the Organic Chemistry laboratory at Melbourne University following observations made at the Maddingley Mine near Bacchus Marsh, Victoria. Dr Johns and colleagues identified that a process of low-mechanical shear applied to brown coal mixed with a small amount of moisture would trigger a natural exothermic reaction process within the coal, leading to the expulsion of its moisture content.〔Johns, R.B., Chaffee, A.L., and Verheyen, T.V. International Conference Coal Science, Düsseldorf 1981〕 The process fundamentally alters micro chemical bonds within the coal, naturally reducing moisture content to around 11 per cent; boosting calorific value to around 5800 kcal/kg; and creating a new ‘densified coal’ product that is hydrophobic, no longer prone to spontaneous combustion, and readily transportable. For the operators of black coal generators, densified coal is described as a black coal equivalent that offers the advantages of less ash and sulfur content often associated with many black coals.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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